Bee
Bees (in Bengali: মূমাচী) are insects that collect honey from flowers, carry out pollination, and play a very important role in the natural environment.
Importance of bees:
Pollination: The work of bees is very important for the development of seeds and fruits of plants.
Honey production: Used in human food and medicine.
Ecological balance: Maintains the balance of wildlife and plant life.
Queen bee
Queen bee ""See Queen bee (disambiguation).
The queen bee is usually an adult, mated female (gyne) that inhabits a colony or hive of honey bees. With fully developed reproductive organs, the queen is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the hive. Queen bees are produced from larvae selected by worker bees and are specially fed to reach sexual maturity. There is usually only one adult, mated queen in a hive, in which case the bees usually follow and fiercely protect her.
Queen surrounded by African workers (marked)
The term "queen bee" can generally be applied to any dominant reproductive female bee in a colony of any social bee species other than honey bees. However, as in the Brazilian stingless bee (Schwarziana quadripunctata), a colony may contain multiple queens, even dwarf queens, who are ready to replace the dominant queen in case of sudden death.
Development
Virgin queen bee
Metamorphosis of queen bees
Egg hatches on day 3
Larva (several molted insects) from day 3 to day 8+1/2
Queen cell capped c. day 7+1/2
Pupae c. day 8 to emergence
Emergence c. day 15+1/2 – day 17
Nuptial flight(s) c. days 20–24
Egg laying c. day 23 and beyond
A virgin queen is a queen bee that has not mated with a drone. Maiden bees are workers and matriarchs, are intermediate in size between the queens of the colony and are much more active than the later bees. They are difficult to detect when inspecting a frame, as they run over the comb, climb over worker bees if necessary, and may even fly away if sufficiently disturbed. Maiden queen bees are often found clinging to the walls or corners of the hive during inspections.
Maiden queens seem to have little queen pheromone and are often not recognized as queens by workers. A maid queen can be placed at the entrance to any queenless hive or neuches within the first few hours of her emergence and is usually very well accepted, whereas a matriarch is usually recognized as a stranger and is at high risk of being killed by older workers.
When a young maid queen emerges from a queen cell, she usually seeks out and kills rivals to the maid queen. Virgin queens will quickly seek out and kill (by stinging) any other emerging virgin queens (or those sent by themselves), as well as any non-emerging queens. Open queen cells on the sides indicate that a virgin queen has likely been killed by a rival virgin queen. When a colony is in swarm mode after the main swarm has departed, workers may prevent the virgins from fighting and may leave with one or more virgin after-worms. Other virgins may remain with the rest of the hive. Some virgins have been observed to escape the hive to avoid being killed and seek out one other than the queen, such as in the eusocial bee Melipona scutellaris. This may include more than one virgin queen. When the after-worm settles in a new home, the virgins resume normal behavior and fight to the death until only one remains. If the main swarm consists of a virgin queen and an old queen, the old queen is usually allowed to survive. The old queen continues her hibernation. She will die naturally within a few weeks and the former virgin, now mated, will take her place.
Unlike worker bees, the queen's sting is not barbed and she is able to sting repeatedly without dying.
After the capped queen cell is opened, the queen pupa (with blackened eyes) is revealed.
Piping
Piping (listenⓘ ) is a sound produced by virgin and mated queen bees at certain times in the development of virgin queen bees. Fully developed virgin queens communicate through vibratory signals: the "quacking" of virgin queens in their queen cells and the "quacking" of free queens in the colony, collectively known as piping. A virgin queen may pipe frequently for a period of time before and after leaving her cell. Mated queens may pipe briefly after leaving a hive.
Piping is most common when there is more than one queen in the hive. Piping is thought to be a type of war call that announces to competing queens and signals to workers their willingness to fight. It may also be a signal to worker bees that it is most valuable to support a queen.
Adult queen bees pulse for two seconds and then give a series of quarter-second tots. Africanized queen bees pulse more loudly and frequently.
Bee Gees
Bienen hunn guer keng Angscht virum Doud. Et brauch ongeféier 1.100 Stéch fir e Mënsch ëmzebréngen. Ongeféier 1.100 Bienen mussen ongeféier 90.000 Meilen reesen fir 1 kg Hunneg ze sammelen. Dat ass bal dräimol d'Ëmlafbunn vum Mound!
Wa mir d'Zuel vun de Blummen berechnen, kënne mir gesinn, datt et ongeféier 4 Millioune Blummen brauch fir de Pollen vun 1 kg Hunneg ze beréieren. Wann alles gutt geet, ginn ongeféier 55 kg Hunneg an enger gudder Saison gesammelt. Aus dëser Informatioun kënne mir verstoen, wéi haart Aarbechterbienen sinn.
Op der anerer Säit ësst d'Kinnigin nëmmen a leet Eeër! D'Kinnigin leet all Dag 1.500 bis 2.500 Eeër. D'Natur vun de männleche Bienen ass zimmlech komesch. Si maachen keng Aarbecht an hirem Liewen, an och d'Aarbechterbienen mussen hinnen Iessen ginn. Hiert eenzegt Zil am Liewen ass et, sech mat der Kinnigin ze paaren!
Wärend der Paarzäit versammelen sech déi fäegst männlech Bienen am Stack all Dag um Mëtteg op enger spezifescher Plaz, déi als männlech Versammlung bezeechent gëtt!
Zur selwechter Zäit kënnt d'Kinnigin aus dem Stack fir e Spadséiergank, wat als "Treffenfluch" bezeechent gëtt.
D'Kinnigin kënnt op eemol an de männleche Versammlungsberäich. Si verbreet e spezielle Geroch bei der Arrivée, deen Honnerte vu männleche Bienen opreegt. Direkt duerno paart sech d'Kinnigin mam Männchen vun hirer Wiel beim Fléien. D'Kinnigin kann sech mat 18-20 männleche Bienen hannereneen paaren!
Komescherweis brécht beim Geschlechtsverkéier den Endopherus oder Genitalorgan vum männleche Bien an de männleche Bien stierft direkt. Dofir gëtt dës Paarung als "den dramatesche sexuelle Selbstmord" bezeechent.
E Stack huet nëmmen eng Kinnigin. De Stack ass ronderëm d'Kinnigin gebaut.
Wann eng weiblech Bien aus engem Ee gebuer gëtt, verstoppen d'Aarbechterbienen d'Kand, sou datt d'Kinnigin et net mierkt. Wann d'Kinnigin d'Aen opfällt, stierft déi jonk Bei sécher. Wann déi jonk Kinnigin grouss gëtt, brécht e Krich tëscht den zwou Kinniginnen aus. Et gëtt zwou Méiglechkeeten, dat ze maachen. Entweder den Doud am Krich (eng ëmbréngt déi aner an iwwerhëlt de Bienenstock) oder déi zwou trennen sech a bauen zwee separat Bienenstocken.
Wann eng Kinnigin onerwaart stierft, kréien all d'Aarbechterbeien bannent 15 Minutten dovunner gewuer a gräifen zesummen d'Initiativ, eng nei Kinnigin ze kreéieren.
Et gëtt nach aner komesch Saachen, vun deenen Dir sécherlech iwwerrascht wäert sinn: Et brauch 2 Millioune Blummen, fir 500 Gramm Hunneg ze maachen. Eng Aarbechterbei kann an hirem ganze Liewen en hallwen Teelöffel Hunneg maachen. Eng aner interessant Saach ass, datt Hunneg dat eenzegt Liewensmëttel op der Welt ass, dat ni verfault! Wat mir iwwer Bienen verstoen, léiert eis nozedenken.
